Essay on Lawsuits Against Big Tobacco Justified or Not

Abstract Since the first major lawsuit settled against tobacco companies in 1998, there has been much controversy over whether or not these lawsuits are justified. On the pro side of the argument there is much evidence to support that the tobacco industries have long known about the dangers of cigarette smoking. Furthermore that this knowledge warrants the need for compensation. In addition the industry has concealed this knowledge from the public. On the con side of the argument evidence shows that these lawsuits have been based on false claims primarily in regard to health care costs for smokers. Furthermore, the regulations set by the settlement of the 1998 multistate lawsuit have established a legal president which allows individuals†¦show more content†¦The money spent by the government for Medicaid, in my opinion, has already been paid for. The real victims would be those who have had the illnesses or who have died as a direct result of smoking. However, only if those victims b egan smoking before the effects were brought to the publics attention. For both the pro and con sides these facts are presented in order to support each papers opinions. One opinion of the pro side is that the market of cigarettes is a market for disease and death. At one point the paper states, Outrage at an industry that has made billions selling sickness and death the paper enforces this opinion later by saying, For decades, Big Tobacco has made a profit by selling the instruments of disease and death. Another opinion is that tobacco industries are the only companies that manufacture a product which causes serious illness and kills. The pro side quotes Edward L. Kaven, author of Smoking: The Story Behind the Maze as saying, the only industry which produces a consumer product that is likely to kill and render human beings seriously ill when used as intended. I believe that these opinions are exaggerated ones. 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Effects Of Glass Ceiling On The Workplace - 978 Words

As we approach the millennium, the overall framework of the workforce has been steadily flourishing. In this era, several individuals would like to think that the promotional and also hiring processes in the workplace have become fair and also impartial. However, there still exist several impediments for few individuals. The glass ceiling is a subtle framework that most organizations and employers have utilized in legally discriminating particular groups of people. Although this action is not apparently several women and also minorities have encountered challenges in advancing to higher positions in their careers due to the concept of the glass ceiling (Horn, and Schaffner, 2003). Also, several historical customs have continued to hinder the success of female individuals in various societies. Due to these customs, the glass ceiling has been created above females in their place of work. This is a serious impediment that exists within businesses that have prevented highly qualified and learned women and people from minority groups from reaching their potential in leadership positions in various corporations. Purpose of this study The paper will show the effects of glass ceiling clearly. The paper will also explore the dilemma of the glass ceiling debate with a review of the literature, applicable concepts and also the necessary recommendations and conclusions that the society and various policy makers in the corporate and government sector must observe. The research alsoShow MoreRelatedGetting More Equality For Working Women985 Words   |  4 Pagesunder the bus. Despite some progress in work areas, women still experience â€Å"a glass ceiling† and sexual harassment due to gender inequality. Therefore, it is imperative to set up more workshops to support women to get more equality at work. 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The workplace has relatively been the realm of men

Motivate Employee free essay sample

Question 1 (30 marks) Read the case below and answer the questions that follow: Case: Is this any way to motivate employees? Click Commerce Inc. is a diversified software company whose solutions help manage and improve the business processes of multiple industry segments including, aerospace and defence, high-tech, logistics, manufacturing, healthcare, and e- commerce. Its Service Network Solutions division is the leading provider of software that locally manages and globally optimizes complex service networks across an xtended enterprise, including logistics and inventory. The companys solutions enable organizations to monitor materials flow in real-time and adapt quickly to changes, resulting in cost savings, faster customer service and a competitive advantage. Click Commerces offices are similar to other dot. com businesses † casual attire (normally Jeans and t-shirts), white boards everywhere for employees to write or sketch on, and an entertainment room with three pinball machines and six Daytona 500 simulators. The Chicago-based company was originally founded in 1996 as Click Interactive, Inc. We will write a custom essay sample on Motivate Employee or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page but changed its name to Click Commerce in December 1999 to better reflect its focus on the business-to-business e-commerce market. The CEO, Michael Ferro, one of the Top 40 Entrepreneurs under 40, has led the company through the difficulties of an Internet start-up to a successful initial public offering of stock in June 2000. However, his approach to motivation can be described as a bit unusual because it involves taking employees out of their normal work environment and equiring them to do something completely different as a form of punishment. Ferro believes that an occasional kick in the pants is good for employee motivation. He has created what he calls the penalty box for his programmers who are burned out or who act overly cocky. In reality, this is a temporary assignment † from a few weeks to a few months † in the companys sales department. While those chosen may see such a stint as a penalty, Ferro focuses on the positive † it gives isolated rogrammers new experiences and broadens their responsibilities. The punishment part of the box is that all salespeople, including programmers on temporary assignment, are required to wear professional business attire at all times. For programmers who are used to wearing the more typical Jeans and T-shirt, wearing suits and ties is somewhat humiliating. In addition, most programmers, who enjoy their insulated lifestyle, dont relish giving up the cloistered existence of working full-time on their computer and instead of writing oftware they have to call on customers. Put it in other words, they are acting as salespeople. This isnt easy for people who are used to interacting with a computer and who have chosen this profession to a large degree because of the Jobs independence and isolation. Although there is a stigma attached to being temporarily assigned to sales, some of the programmers do acknowledge the value of the assignment. For example, Jim Heising, admits he gained some valuable insights into customers while forced to

Malcolm X The Bullet or the Ballot Anlysis Essay Example

Malcolm X The Bullet or the Ballot Anlysis Paper The Civil Rights Era of the 1960’s was one of the many landmarks in American History. Because it was the first time in over 300 years that African-Americans in the â€Å"Land of the Free† had finally overcome their suppression and were at last free. It wouldn’t have possible without the leadership of many Civil Rights Activists such as Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. However one Civil Rights Activist stands out from the rest: Malcolm X. A convert to Islam, Malcolm X took the pilgrimage to Mecca where he witnessed fellow Muslims of various races coming together without any discrimination. This motivated Malcolm X to take a stance in America’s Civil Rights Movement to desegregate America. Known for his more â€Å"violent† approach to ending segregation, Malcolm X was notable for his speech â€Å"The Ballot or the Bullet† in April of 1964. Malcolm X uses logical reason and his charismatic appeal to get African-Americans to take to either elect new congressmen or use violence to desegregate America. Malcolm X successfully connects to his listeners by appealing to their emotions. All of his listeners are descendents of former slaves and he uses this to his advantage. In his speech the â€Å"The Ballot or the Bullet† he says that his audiences â€Å"mothers and fathers invested sweat and blood† yet the audience is not allowed to get anything back. Immediately Malcolm X’s audience would have moved as they recollect the horrors their ancestor had to face and about their own struggle to freedom and how they worked hard to let their children become free and escape the hardships they faced growing up. We will write a custom essay sample on Malcolm X The Bullet or the Ballot Anlysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Malcolm X The Bullet or the Ballot Anlysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Malcolm X The Bullet or the Ballot Anlysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer And now the children of the current generation are facing the same hardships, and according to Malcolm X, â€Å"Theres more segregation now†. By doing so Malcolm X builds up frustration and anger in his audience. After arousing up his audience, Malcolm X sets down his approach to the problem of segregation. He then stresses the importance of â€Å"the ballot† and â€Å"the bullet†, as he puts it, and how African-Americans need to get together and remove southern Democrats from office. He describes to them how the democrats â€Å"put the Democrats first and the Democrats put [them] last†. Showing his audience how Democrats, who were elected on the basis of supporting desegregation, turn back on those who put them in audience, in this case the African-Americans, and do nothing to keep their promises. Here Malcolm X shows that the ballot, however strong it may be as weapon, will never work because those who are elected just turn their back on the promises they were elected for. At this point the audience would not know what to do since voting for public officials won’t work. Malcolm X comes to their rescue by showing America’s number one weakness: guerilla warfare. Through the use of historical evidence Malcolm X not only appeals to audience’s emotions, but also shows them a path through which they can act. Malcolm proposes African-Americans to use â€Å"the bullet† and attack Uncle Sam on the ground through guerilla warfare. At this point his audience would think he is crazy and suicidal, however, Malcolm X proves that they can win. He shows that America â€Å"cant win another war fighting on the ground†. As was the case in the 1950’s Korean War, in which UN forces invaded Korea to prevent the spread of Communism. Because Russia had nuclear weapons pointed at the U. S. , America could not fire its missiles at Korea who was supported by Russia. Therefore America was forced to take to the ground and fight 1 on 1 with the Koreans and thus lost the war and many African-Americans as well as â€Å"white [men]† who fought for no apparent reason. Malcolm X tells his audience that America lost because it has no heart, showing how America doesn’t care for citizens and is not fearless. And therefore says that if America is to become desegregated than the black community must resort to â€Å"guerilla† tactics and scare America.

Aung San Suu Kyi - Nobel Prize Lecture free essay sample

Comparing Vietnam Movies Essays

Comparing Vietnam Movies Essays Comparing Vietnam Movies Essay Comparing Vietnam Movies Essay Comparing Vietnam Movies Although a great majority of the population of the world was not physically present during this devastating and bloody war, many people have no need to be. The proliferation of Hollywood-made Vietnam movies has allowed the public to view the Vietnam War from the perspective of the Hollywood moguls. Although the war itself was very unpopular with the public, it seems that the public cannot get enough of movies about the Vietnam War. A lot of the Vietnam movies which are still being created to this day, usually hold the perspective of the American soldiers expected to fight a war which was not held in their own homeland. Although the war may have ended decades ago, the effects of the war, and the publics interest in the war still holds true today. A number of these Vietnam movies may not be 100% accurate, but they do give the public an idea on how life was during the Vietnam War. The three movies: We Were Soldiers, Full Metal Jacket, and Platoon, are all great movies that show what happened in the Vietnam War. Platoon directed by Oliver Stone is a brutally realistic look at a young soldiers tour of duty in Vietnam. Chris Taylor is a college student who quits school to volunteer for the Army in the late 60s. Hes shipped off to Vietnam, where he serves with a culturally diverse group of fellow soldiers under two men who lead the platoon: Sgt. Barnes, whose facial scars are a mirror of the violence and corruption of his soul, and Sgt. Elias, who maintains a Zen-like calm in the jungle and fights with both personal and moral courage even though he no longer believes in the war. After a few weeks in country, Taylor begins to see the naivete of his views of the war, especially after a quick search for enemy troops devolves into a round of murder and rape. This film, still remains one of the classic films of American cinema. Platoon tells the story of Vietnam from the point of view of a young, naive infantry soldier, played by Charlie Sheen. The film showed the war in all of its ugliness and confusion. Oliver Stone the producer and writer, partially based the movie on his own experience as a soldier in Vietnam, Sheens character, Chris Taylor, finds himself in a completely different war from the faceless one being fought against the Vietnamese. His platoons allegiance is split between two senior officers, Barnes (played brilliantly by Tom Berenger), and Elias (played by Willem Dafoe). Barnes is the war torn soldier, a man who has seen enough of war, and the war has taken its toll. He is a man who only knows to fight and therefore he often steps over the lines of human decency and law, especially in a riveting scene in a Vietnamese village when Barnes kills an innocent woman and threatens to kill her daughter, without remorse. Elias is also a war torn soldier, but is an idealistic one. He doesnt believe that the U. S. will win the war, but even though he has lost passion for what he is doing over there, he still represents the good, and the struggles between him and Barnes create an inner war in the platoon, which solidifies the statement of the horrors of war, and the war in Vietnam in particular. Stone made this film different from other war films in that he was able to show the horrors of war and the fighting without glorifying them. Instead, the effect is mass confusion, a generation lost in a struggle that it didnt really believe in, a group of young men fighting for a country that didnt really care or have a plan for what was really happening deep in the jungles, within their own platoons. This was the story we needed to see it would be the first in a trilogy of Vietnam War films from Stone which probed deep into the Vietnam quagmire to show a new generation of Americans and for all those who were alive then the truth and the lies of that war. Full Metal Jacket directed by Stanley Kubrick begins by following the trials and tribulations of a platoon of fresh Marine Corps recruits focusing on the relationship between Gunnery Sergeant Hartman and Privates Pyle and Joker. We see Pyle grow into an instrument of death as Hartman has forseen of all of his recruits. Through Pyles torment and Jokers unwillingness to stand up against it the climax of part one is achieved with all three main characters deciding their fates by their action or inaction. The second chapter of Full Metal Jacket delves into Jokers psyche and the repeated referal to the fact that he joined the Corps to become a killer. When his mostly behind the scenes job as a combat correspondant is interfered with by the Tet offensive he is thrust into real combat and ultimately must choose if he really is a killer. Full Metal Jacket, is an unconventional war story. Instead of focusing entirely on the war itself, it also captures the mental developments of the soldiers and their emotions. It goes beyond a normal war story and examines the soldiers themselves, and their motivations and relationships to each other and the war. Motivation for fighting is a prominent aspect of every war movie. People fight for a variety of reasons; money, power, land, honor, freedom, women, reputation, and so on. Most characters in war stories give the viewer a clear understanding of their goal in the battle, and the reason they are there. It is often brought up a subject of conversation amongst the soldiers at some point in the film. They will ask themselves why they are there, explain how they got where they are, and examine their personal motives for continuing. However, Full Metal Jacket denies the audience such clarity as to the motives of the soldiers. The film is divided into two parts. The first half takes place at a basic training camp in South Carolina, where the recruits go through the dehumanizing process of becoming Marine-trained instruments of death. The second half takes us to Vietnam and into battle itself during the Tet offensive. During both halves, characters are challenged to understand the reasons they are fighting. We Were Soldiers directed by Randall Wallace is based loosely on the book We Were Soldiers Once †¦ and Young by Lieutenant General Harold G. Moore and Joseph L. Galloway, where they look back on a major battle between the U. S. Army and North Vietnamese Army regulars fought in the Central Highlands of Vietnam in November, 1965. Moore, who then held the rank of Lieutenant Colonel, led a battalion of American soldiers. Galloway was there as a journalist, but ended up fighting, too. Moore and Galloway gave their book an elegiac tone, which the film preserves. Early in the movie, we meet Hal Moore, his wife and their five young children. Its 1964, and they arrive at Fort Benning, Georgia, where Moore heads up the combat training of about 450 men. Moores unit includes a daredevil helicopter pilot, a battle-hardened sergeant major, and a green second lieutenant. Eventually the unit is ordered to Vietnam, and we hear Lieutenant Colonel Moore promise his men, When we go into battle, I will be the first to set foot on the field and I will be the last to step off. And I will leave no one behind. We Were Soldiers is a movie that stands apart from most Vietnam movies by showing what was good about the war as well as what was bad. The Vietnam stole away our own faith in our own leadership. It made us seem to be imperialist aggressors in the worlds eyes. It caused boys to be sent home in pieces or in body bags, all for a dubious cause. If they did make it home, there were no parades. There were college kids calling them baby-killers. This movie makes us realize it is good to remember hat beneath that inept and misguided leadership was bravery and heroism and fellowship, and good men fighting for their country and for each other. They did it because it was their profession, or because their country asked them to or forced them to. This film centers around the first major American battle of the war, Ia Drang Valley, and it is told from both the American and North Vietnamese perspectives, switching back and forth ala Patton. It is not shy about poin ting out some of the mistakes made by America at the time, both military and political, but that really is not the point of the film. The authors have no political axe to grind. The film is simply the story of the American field commander, Lt Col Moore, his men, and their kinship as a unit. It is based on Moores own book, We Were Soldiers Once, and Young, which he co-wrote with a reporter who was also present at the battle. the film confers honor on those who did what they had to do honorably, and it does so effectively and cinematically. It is an excellent movie, deeply moving, yet both profound and fair. In the last analysis, it is about a bunch of men who bonded together when performing an impossible task that they were ordered to do. There is something greater and deeper about their team than the teams we play on, because they played for bigger stakes and when they lost, they lost everything. At the end of the film Joe Galloway says In the end, they did not fight for God country right. They fought for each other. This represents the main point of the movie. War stories are complex tales involving many characters, emotions, motives and struggles. They go through highs and lows, moments of intense battle to moments of inner reflection. Some war stories are obvious depictions of war, including a series of battles, a dramatic plot, often a love interest, and a dramatic ending. These Vietnam movies show a different side of war that people cant see unless they experience it first hand. Although Vietnam war was not popular with the public it seems that the Vietnam War movies have gained a lot of popularity in Hollywood and the public. Full Metal Jacket. Dir. Stanley Kubrick. Prod. Jan Harlan. Perf. Matthew Modine, Adam Baldwin, and Vincent DOnofrio. DVD. Warner Bros. Pictures, 1987. Platoon. Dir. Oliver Stone. Prod. MArtin Bregman. Perf. Charlie Sheen, Tom Berenger, Willem Dafoe, Forest Whitaker, Kevin Dillon, Keith David, John C. McGinley, and Johnny Depp. DVD. Orion Pictures, 1986. Moore, Harold G. , and Joseph L. Galloway. We Were Soldiers Once and Young. New York: Random House, Inc. , 1992. We Were Soldiers. Dir. Randall Wallace. Prod. Jim Lemley. Perf. Mel Gibson, Sam Eliot,Madeleine Stowe and Greg Kinnear. DVD. Paramount Pictures, 2002. Hamburger Hill. Dir. John Irvin. Prod. Marcia Nasatir. Perf. Dylan McDermott, Steven Weber and Don Cheadle. DVD. RKO Pictures, 1987. Zaffiri, Samuel. Hamburger Hill. New York: TheBallantine Group, 1988.

The Kyoto Protocol and climate change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Kyoto Protocol and climate change - Essay Example Global warming and Political climate Global warming is a phenomenon that occurs as a result of greenhouse gases (GHGs) averting thermal radiations from being reflected back to the space. (Wang and Wiser 2002). Coppock (1998, p.2) defines it as the increase in average global temperatures as a result of pumping CO2 into the atmosphere thus changing its temperature levels which in turn affect the water bodies such as oceans and seas leading to alteration of the Earth’s hydrologic cycle. The global warming not only creates fear to the planet’s residents because of rising global temperatures, (currently above 1Â ° C higher than 5 centuries ago) but also an increase in intensity of hydrologic cycles. This causes storms which are responsible to flooding that leads to destruction of farmlands, life and property (Painuly and Rowlands 2001). Generally global warming has more immediate consequences such as floods, rising global temperatures and far-reaching environmental, economi c and social impact that does not chose whether one nation is the main producer of emissions or not (Carr and Thomas 1998). The ecosystem, a natural sink( the uptake of greenhouse gas by forests, soil etc) is of paramount importance as the changes in climates may cause organisms of fresh water and wetlands to face new conditions due to higher temperatures and altered precipitation thus may have trouble producing enough organic sediments and root material that enable them to adjust. Contentious issues According to Schiermeir (2012 p.3), for the planet Earth to get rid of dangerous climate change, countries should limit global emissions to less than 2Â ° C above preindustrial levels, the EU’s threshold likely to prevent dangerous climate change. Further, he assert that to contain a... The Kyoto Protocol is seen by some researchers as a remarkable achievement in international affairs. The first it has put the world on the right path by bringing in the issues of climate change to the table so as the nations can chose to join the work force to regulate the emissions. The second it will leave a valuable legacy since it developed methodologies for reporting and verifying national greenhouse-gas emissions and land-use changes that will act as guide for future climate treaty as with any agreement containing specific quantified and legally binding commitments, issues of monitoring and compliance are central. Third, it has come with a way of trading carbon emissions through the EU’s Emission Trading Scheme among countries that face limits. Also through the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) transactions, an establishment of market incentives is proposed for rich countries to get credits towards achieving their emissions’ targets by making cost-effective emissi ons cuts in poor. The CDM despite critics that it is plagued by bureaucracy, had an arm’s length investment worth almost U$100 billion supporting some 5000 CDM projects whose services range from provision of solar cookers to rural people, e.g. in China to supporting clean energy production projects such the 100-megawatt wind firm in Mexico.